Physiographic and Hydraulic Studies of Rivers

_ ----------____-_.__________.__..____._... Introduction.-.._._..___.__.___...'_.._.._.___...___ Pleistocene and Recent deposits .......L.............. North Loup River valley near Elba._____._..___._ North Loup River valley near Burwell..__.__._.__ North Loup River valley downstream from Brewster. North Loup River valley upstream from Brewster... South Loup River valley near Cumro. ____________ Summary of Pleistocene and Recent geologic history _ Geologic influences on the longitudinal river profiles..... Influence of rock resistance---_-------..-_.--__-Influence of regional slope and relief.....__--_--..,, The Middle Loup River at Dunning_.___..__._.__._._ Hydraulic factors in relation to width.._.__.._.__, Hydraulic factors in relation to braiding........... Hydraulic factors in relation to a confluence........ Page Dl 1 2 3 5 5 6 8 8 9 10 12 14 14 15 21 The Middle Loup River at Dunning Continued. Page Summary of hydraulic factors in relation to channel pattern..__,,._______--_.___--------------,-D21 Observations on the formation of sandbars, islands, and valley flats--,....,..--._--.-,--_----.-----------23 Measurement and description of channel patterns._,.___ 25 Meandering and sinuosity._____..-,..,-_._,--.,-.. 25 Braiding....---.--.....-----.I-.------,,----..--27 Width.. ,____.____,_,_,__..,.-_ T --, T .,._-,.-,31 Channel patterns of the Loup Rivers.,.,,.,____,_, 31 Relation of selected hydraulic factors to channel pattern. 32 Bank credibility.......,.._-,,..-.-.---.,.,-.,,,32 Discharge... 1 ^. 7 _..._ T , 7 .,,,,,---,,,,.--.,---, 35 Bed material a.nd suspended-sediment concentration. 37 Water temperature..__,_,.,._--_,.,-,,-,.,_,_....,38 Longitudinal river slope i&nd valley slope.,.,,--.,-39 References cited_. -_--_--,-,-_,,-._---,-,,,,...--.-. 40